实验室常用物品中英对照汇总

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2020-07-19   环球过滤分离技术网    guolvfenlitech8
容器与耗材 vessel & consumablematerial


小瓶vial

量杯measuring cup

烧杯beaker

量筒measuring flask/measuring cylinderer

坩埚crucible

坩埚钳crucible clamp

试管test tube

漏斗funnel

比色皿cuvette

鱼缸aquarium

烧瓶flask

锥形瓶conical flask

塞子stopper/plug

洗瓶plastic wash bottle

玻璃活塞stopcock

试剂瓶reagent bottles

玻棒glass rod

搅拌棒stirringrod

容量瓶volumetric flask/measuring flask

移液管(one-mark) pipette

吸液管pipette

滤器filter

滤纸filter paper

培养皿culture dish

移液枪pipette

移液枪枪头pipette tips

剃刀刀片razorblade

手术刀scalpel

垃圾袋disposablebag

垃圾桶garbagebin

橡皮筋rubber band

托盘Tray

铝箔aluminiumfoil

洗耳球rubber suction bulb

保鲜膜preservativefilm

研磨钵mortar

研杵pestle

小滴管dropper

蒸馏装置distillingapparatus

桶bucket

广口瓶wide-mouth bottle

离心机转子rotor

试管架test tube holder/rack

酒精灯alcoholburner

酒精喷灯blastalcohol burner

搅拌装置stirring device

石蜡封口膜Parafilm

微量离心管（EP管）Eppendorf tube

载玻片Slide

盖玻片Cover glass

离心管Centrifugetube

电泳槽Geltank

电线Electricalleads

牙签Toothpick

螺丝钉Screw

锁紧螺母Nut,Cap nut

复印纸Copypaper

复写纸Carbonpaper

钉Nail

试管刷test-tube brush

计时器Timer

闹钟Alarmclock

U形钉Staple

衣服挂钩Coathanger

电泳用的梳子Comb

扳手Shiftingspanner

订书机Stapler

订书钉staple

圆珠笔芯Refill

灯泡Globe

记号笔marker pen

注射器syringe

注射器活塞plunger

铁架台ironsupport

万能夹extensionclamp

止水夹flatjawpinchcock

圆形漏斗架cast-ironring

橡胶管rubbertubing

药匙labspoon

镊子forceps/tweezers

蜂鸣器buzzer

架子shelf

剪刀scissor

打孔器stopperborer

移液吸管serological pipette

血球计数板hemocytometer

pH试纸 universal
称量纸weighingpaper

透明胶带sellotape

筛子sieve

网眼mesh

格子grid

擦镜纸wiperfor lens

水银温度计mercury-filledthermometer

白大褂white gown

真空泵vacuumpump

水浴锅waterbath kettle

口罩respirator

电极electrode

阳极,正极anode

阴极,负极cathode



实验操作（manipulation）


丢弃discard

转移容器decant

吸出aspirate

吹吸blowing and suction

离心收集pellet

重悬resuspend

絮状沉淀flocculent precipitate

浑浊的turbid

烘bake

灭菌sterilize

均质化homogenize

分装aliquot

培养foster

通风ventilate

冷却chill down

稀释dilute

洗脱elute

孵育incubate

超声破碎ultrasonication

淬灭quench

裂解物Lysate

沉淀物Sediment

上清Supernatant

小滴droplet

一批batch

色谱chromatograph

沉淀precipitate

接种inoculate

探针probe

蒸馏distil/distill

搅拌Stir/agitate

旋转swirl/ spin

中和neutralize

校准calibrate

平衡equilibrate

结块、块状沉淀clump

粘稠的viscous

漂洗rinse

脱水dehydrate

发酵fermentation

溶解dissolve

燃烧combustion

水解hydrolysis

过滤filtrate

浓缩condense

催化剂catalyst

研磨grind

破碎crush

催化作用catalysis

分解dissolution

涡旋震荡Vortex

电泳Electrophoresis

抽滤suctionfiltration

电转化electro-transformation

收菌harvest

切碎chop/mince

灌注perfusion

浆液slurry




仪器（apparatus）


恒温循环仪Thermostaticcirculator

空调机Airconditioner

pH计pHmeter

照度计(测量荧光素酶酶活)luminometer

磁力搅拌器magneticstirrer

烘箱oven  

微波炉microwaveoven

电磁炉electromagneticoven

凝胶系统Gelsystem

电子天平Electronicbalance

转接器Adapter

离心机centrifuge

盖子lid/ cap

封口设备Sealingequipment

复印机Duplicator,copying machine

超净工作台superclean bench

通风橱fume cupboard

药柜Cupboard

高压蒸汽灭菌器autoclave

电泳电源Electrophoresispower supply

紫外灯Ultravioletillumination

真空泵Vacuumpump

天平balance/scale

分析天平analytical balance

台秤platform balance

涡旋振荡器Vortexingmachine

CO2培养箱CO2Incubators

电子显微镜ElectroMicroscopy

电泳仪ElectrophoresisSystem

恒流泵constantflow pump

解剖镜anatomicallens

PCR仪Thermocycler

倒置显微镜InvertedMicroscope

核磁共振波谱仪NuclearMagnetic Resonance Spectrometer

光学显微镜OpticalMicroscopy

摇床Shaker

培养箱incubator

超滤器UltrahighPurity Filter

超低温冰箱Ultra-lowTemperature Freezer

超声破碎仪UltrasonicCell Disruptor

紫外观察灯UltravioletLamp

紫外-可见光分光光度计UV-VisibleSpectrophotometer

计算器calculator/numerator
化学试剂（reagent）




1.氨基酸

丙氨酸alanine(Ala, A)  

缬氨酸valine(Val, V)

亮氨酸leucine(Leu, L)

异亮氨酸isoleucine(Ile,I)

脯氨酸proline(Pro, P)

苯丙氨酸phenylalanine(Phe, F)

色氨酸tryptophan(Trp, W)

蛋氨酸methionine(Met, M)

甘氨酸glycine(Gly, G)

丝氨酸serine(Ser, S)

苏氨酸threonine(Thr, T)

半胱氨酸cysteine(Cys, C)

酪氨酸tyrosine(Tyr, Y)

天冬氨酸asparagines(Asn, N)

谷氨酰胺glutamine(Gln, Q)

赖氨酸lysine(Lys, K)

精氨酸arginine(Arg, R)

组氨酸histidine(His, H)

天冬氨酸asparticacid (Asp, D)

谷氨酸glutamicacid (Glu, E)

2.核苷酸

腺苷adenosine

鸟嘌呤核苷guanosine

胞苷cytidine

胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷thymidine

尿嘧啶核苷uridine

脱氧deoxy-

3.其他化学试剂

二甲苯Xylene

冰乙酸Aceticacid glacial

硼酸Boricacid

氯化钙Calcium chloride

巯基乙醇mercaptoethanol

咪唑Imidazole

盐酸胍guanidinehydrochloride

无水乙醇absoluteethanol

乙酸钠Sodiumacetate

氯化钠Sodiumchloride

生理盐水physiologicalsaline

洗涤剂detergent

十二烷基磺酸钠Sodiumdodecyl sulphate

盐酸hydrochloricacid

氢氧化钠sodiumhydrate/hydroxide

胰蛋白胨Tryptone

酵母提取物yeastextract

琼脂Agar

甘油glycerin

内毒素endotoxin

两性霉素amphotericin

氨苄Ampicillin

肝素heparin

卡那霉素Kanamycin

胰蛋白酶Trypsin

溴化乙锭ethidium bromide

胰岛素Insulin

树脂resin

糖类saccharide

蔗糖Sucrose

醋酸钾Potassiumacetate

异丙醇Isopropanol

醋酸铵Ammoniumacetate

异戊醇Isoamylalcohol

氯仿Chloroform

甲醇methanol

遗传霉素geneticin

糖原glycogen

血清serum

高锰酸钾potassiumhypermanganate

考马斯亮蓝Coomassiebrilliant blue

液氮liquidnitrogen

次氯酸钠clorox

苯酚phenol

阴离子anion

碱性alkalinity
容器类


量杯measuringcup

烧杯beaker

不锈钢杯stainless-steelbeaker

量筒measuringflask/measuring cylinder

量筒graduatedflask/measuring cylinder

坩埚crucible

坩埚钳crucibleclamp

坩埚cruciblepot，meltingpot

试管testtube

试管架testtube holder

漏斗funnel

分液漏斗separatoryfunnel

烧瓶flask

锥形瓶conicalflask

塞子stopper

洗瓶plasticwash bottle

滴定管burette

玻璃活塞stopcock

冷凝器condenser

试剂瓶reagentbottles

玻棒glassrod

搅拌棒stirringrod

蒸馏烧瓶distillingflask

碘量瓶iodineflask

表面皿watchglass

蒸发皿evaporatingdish

容量瓶volumetricflask/measuring flask

移液管(one-mark)pipette

刻度移液管graduatedpipettes

称量瓶weighingbottle

吸液管pipette

滤管filter

天平balance/scale

分析天平analyticalbalance

台秤platformbalance

游码crossbeamsand sliding weights

酒精灯alcoholburner

酒精喷灯blastalcohol burner

搅拌装置stirringdevice

洗耳球rubbersuction bulb

研磨钵mortar

研磨棒pestle

玛瑙研钵agatemortar

瓷器porcelain

白细口瓶flintglass solution bottle with stopper

滴瓶droppingbottle

小滴管dropper

蒸馏装置distillingapparatus

蒸发器evaporator



试验用器材


升降台labjack

铁架台ironsupport

万能夹extensionclamp

蝴蝶夹double-buretclamp

双顶丝clampregular holder

止水夹flatjawpinchcock

圆形漏斗架cast-ironring

移液管架pipetrack

试管架tuberack

沸石boilingstone

橡胶管rubbertubing

药匙labspoon

镊子forceps

坩埚钳crucibletong

剪刀scissor

打孔器stopperborer

石棉网asbestos-freewire gauze

电炉丝wirecoil for heater

脱脂棉absorbentcottonph

ph试纸universal ph indicator paper

滤纸filter paper

称量纸weighingpaper

擦镜纸wiperfor lens

秒表stopwatch

量杯glassgraduates with scale

白滴定管（酸）flintglass burette with glass stopcock

棕色滴定管（酸）brownglass burette with glass stopcock

白滴定管（碱）flintglass burette for alkali

棕色滴定管（碱）brownglass burette for alkali

比重瓶specificgravity bottle

水银温度计mercury-filledthermometer

pH计pHmeter

折光仪refractometer

真空泵vacuumpump

冷、热浴bath

离心机centrifuge

口罩respirator

防毒面具respirator、gasmask

磁力搅拌器magneticstirrer

电动搅拌器powerbasic stirrer

烘箱oven

闪点仪flashpoint tester

马弗炉furnace

电炉heater

微波炉电热套heatingmantle

Bunsen burner 本生灯

product 化学反应产物

apparatus 设备

pH indicator pH值指示剂，氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂

matrass 卵形瓶

litmus 石蕊

litmus paper石蕊试纸

burette滴定管

retort曲颈甑

still蒸馏釜

cupel烤钵




化学反应


analysis 分解

fractionation 分馏

endothermicreaction 吸热反应

exothermicreaction 放热反应

precipitation 沉淀

to precipitate 沉淀

to distil，todistill 蒸馏

distillation 蒸馏

to calcine煅烧

to oxidize 氧化

alkalinization碱化

to oxygenate，tooxidize 脱氧,氧化

to neutralize 中和

to hydrogenate 氢化

to hydrate水合，水化

to dehydrate脱水

fermentation发酵

solution溶解

combustion燃烧

fusion，melting熔解

alkalinity碱性

isomerism，isomery同分异物现象

hydrolysis水解

electrolysis电解

electrode电极

anode阳极，正极

cathode阴极，负极

catalyst催化剂

catalysis催化作用

oxidization，oxidation氧化

reducer还原剂

dissolution分解

synthesis合成

reversible可逆的

仪器中英文对照


Aging PropertyTester老化性能测定仪；

Amino AcidAnalyzer氨基酸组成分析仪；

Analyzer forClinic Medicine Concentration临床药物浓度仪；

AtomicAbsorption Spectroscopy原子吸收光谱仪；

Atomic EmissionSpectrometer原子发射光谱仪；

AtomicFluorescence Spectroscopy原子荧光光谱仪；

AutomaticTitrator自动滴定仪；

Basic Physics基本物理量测定；

BiochemicalAnalyzer生化分析仪；

Biochemicalanalysis生物技术分析；

Bio-reactor生物反应器；

Blood-gasAnalyzer血气分析仪；

Centrifuge离心机；

ChemiluminescenceApparatus化学发光仪；

CHN Analysis环境成分分析仪；

CO2Incubators CO2培养箱；

CombustionPropertyTester燃烧性能测定仪；

ConductivityMeter电导仪；

ConstantTemperature Circulator恒温循环泵；

Direct CurrentPlasma Emission Spectrometer直流等离子体发射光谱仪；　

DNA SequencersDNA测序仪；

DNA synthesizerDNA合成仪；

ElectricalProperty Tester电性能测定仪；

ElectroMicroscopy电子显微镜；

ElectrolyticAnalyzer电解质分析仪；

Electron EnergyDisperse Spectroscopy电子能谱仪；

ElectronParamagnetic Resonance Spectrometer电子顺磁共振波谱仪；

Electrophoresis 电泳

ElectrophoresisSystem 电泳仪

ELIASA 酶标仪

Energy DisperseSpectroscopy 能谱仪

Fermenter 发酵罐

Flow Analyticaland Process AnalyticalChemistry流动分析与过程分析　　

FractionCollector 部分收集器

FreezeDryingEquipment 冻干机

FT-IRSpectrometer 傅里叶变换红外光谱仪　　

FT-RamanSpectrometer 傅里叶变换拉曼光谱仪　　

Gas Analysis 气体分析

GasChromatograph 气相色谱仪

GC-MS 气相色谱-质谱联用仪　　

GelPermeationChromatograph凝胶渗透色谱仪　

HighPressure/PerformanceLiquid Chromatography 高压/效液相色谱仪　　　

HybridizationOven 分子杂交仪

ICP-MS ICP-质谱联用仪

InductiveCoupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer 电感偶合等离子体发射光谱仪　　

Instrument forNondestructive Testing 无损检测仪

Instrument forPolymerase Chain Reaction PCR仪

InvertedMicroscope 倒置显微镜

IonChromatograph 离子色谱仪

Isotope X-RayFluorescence Spectrometer 同位素X荧光光谱仪

LC-MS 液相色谱-质谱联用仪　　

MassSpectrometer 质谱仪

MechanicalProperty Tester 机械性能测定仪

Metal/materialelemental analysis 金属/材料元素分析仪　　

MetallurgicalMicroscopy 金相显微镜

MicrowaveInductive Plasma Emission Spectrometer 微波等离子体光谱仪

Nuclear MagneticResonance Spectrometer 核磁共振波谱仪

OpticalMicroscopy 光学显微镜

Optical PropertyTester光学性能测定仪

Other/Miscellaneous其他

Particle SizeAnalyzer 粒度分析仪

PCR AmplifierPCR仪

Peptidesynthesizer 多肽合成仪

pH Meter pH计

Physical PropertyAnalysis 物性分析

Polaro-graph极谱仪

ProteinSequencer 氨基酸测序仪

Rheo-meter流变仪

Sample Handling 样品处理

Scanning ProbeMicroscopyFG|8oU扫描探针显微镜

Sensors 传感器

Sequencers andSynthesizers for DNA and Protein DNA及蛋白质的测序和合成仪

Shaker 摇床

Size ExclusionChromatograph 体积排阻色谱

Surface Science 表面科学

Surface Analyzer表面分析仪

Thermal Analyzer热分析仪

Thermal PhysicalProperty Tester 热物理性能测定仪

Ultrahigh PurityFilter 超滤器

Ultra-lowTemperature Freezer 超低温冰箱

Ultrasonic CellDisruptor 超声破碎仪

UltravioletDetector 紫外检测仪

Ultraviolet Lamp紫外观察灯

Urine Analyzer 尿液分析仪

UV-VisibleSpectrophotometer 紫外-可见光分光光度计

Viscometer 粘度计

Voltam-merter伏安仪

Water Test Kits 水质分析仪

X-RayFluorescence Spectrometer X射线荧光光谱仪

X-Ray DiffractomerX射线衍射仪




分子生物学实验室常用仪器物品英文词汇


口罩respirator

试验管tube

耐酸橡胶手套rubber gloves

试管架test tube rack

药匙lab spoon

洗瓶plastic wash bottle

钳子pliers

玻璃搅棒glass stirring stick

扳子spanne

研钵mortars

螺丝刀screw driver

研棒pestles

多用电源插座multi-purpose socket

冰盒ice box

复印纸copy paper

液氮罐Dewar flask

笔记本note book

记号笔marker pen

培养皿culture dish

夹子clip

皮氏培养皿petri dish

擦镜纸wiper for lens

培养三角瓶culture flask

标签纸paper label

接种环inoculating loop

打火机lighter

接种针inoculating needle

温度计thermometer

过滤灭菌器syringe filters

定时器timer

镊子forceps

棉线（细绳）cotton rope

剪刀scissors

橡皮圈rubber band

解剖刀片scalpel blade

清洁布rag

解剖刀柄scalpel handle

牛皮纸kraftpaper

酒精灯alcohol burner

塑料筐plastic basker

样品推车lab cart

塑料桶plastic basin

保温桶thermos

封口膜parafilmwrap and dispenser

不锈钢盘stainless steel tray

塑料膜plastic film

搪瓷盘enamel tray

保鲜膜cling film

铝箔纸aluminum foil

烧杯beaker

脱脂棉absorbent cotton

三角瓶、烧瓶flask

容量瓶volumetric flask

铁架台iron support

量筒graduated cylinder

石棉网asbestos board

移液器pipette

玻璃干燥器glass desiccator

移液管serological pipette

三角漏斗funnel

吸耳球bulb for pipet

布氏漏斗buchnerfunnel

移液管架pipet rack

玻璃漏斗glass funnel

离心管架centrifuge tube rack

酸碱滴定管Burette

天平balance

安全帽safety helmet

分析天平analytical balance

工作服lab coat

称量瓶weighting bottle

工作鞋footware

称量纸weighing paper

隔热手套heat insulation gloves

比重计hydrometer

体重计body weight scales

酸度计pH meter

pH试纸pH indicator paper

升降台lab jack

电磁搅拌器magnetic stirring

电磁搅棒magnetic stirring bar

匀浆器homo-genixe

摇床shaker

水浴摇床reciprocating shaker bath

涡旋振荡器vortex mixer

离心机centrifuge

烘箱oven

低温水浴refrigerating circulator

冰箱refrigerator

超低温冰箱ultra-low temperature freezer

培养箱incubator

分光光度计spectrophotometer

石英比色杯quartz cuvette

超声波清洗器ultrasonic cleaner

杂交炉hybridization oven


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